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PostgreSQL is a powerful, open-source object-relational database system with over 30 years of active development that has earned it a strong reputation for reliability, feature robustness, and performance.

PostgreSQL is a highly stable database backed by more than 20 years of development by the open-source community.

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PostgreSQL?

PostgreSQL, also known as Postgres, is a free and open-source relational database management system emphasizing extensibility and SQL compliance.

It used as the primary data store or data warehouse for many webs, mobile, geospatial, and analytics applications. PostgreSQL can store structured and unstructured data in a single product.

Highly Secured

It is safe because it follows several security aspects, which are as follows:

  • PostgreSQL provides a robust access control system.

  • It includes several Authentications such as Lightweight Directory Access Protocol(LDAP), Generic Security Service Application Program Interface (GSSAPI), SCRAM-SHA-256, Security Support Provider Interface (SSPI), Certificate, and so on.

  • PostgreSQL supports Column and row-level security.

    • Huge Community

    PostgreSQL has a wide variety of community and commercial support options available for users, including:

    • Documentation

    • The Community section, which details the support options available to users from the PostgreSQL community

    • Mailing Lists

    • IRC

    • Slack

    Trustable

    PostgreSQL is well suited for almost all industries and use case such as fInance, government, web apps, and even as a "NoSQL" document store with its JSONB/JSON and hstore capability. Its focus on ACID compliance makes it a trustworthy data store.

    Other Core Features of PostgreSQL

    Highly extensible

    PostgreSQL is highly extensible in several phases which are as following:

    • It supports procedural Languages such as Perl, PL/PGSQL, and Python, etc.
    • JSON/SQL path expressions
    • Stored procedures and functions.
    • For tables, it supports a customizable storage interface.
    • It is compatible with foreign data wrappers, which connect to further databases with a standard SQL interface.

    Compatible with multiple data types

    PostgreSQL support various data types such as:

    • Structured: Array, Date and Time, UUID (Universally Unique Identifier), Array, Range.
    • Primitives: String, Integer, Boolean, Numeric.
    • Customizations: Custom Types, Composite.
    • Geometry: Polygon, Circle, Line, Point,
    • Document: XML, JSON/JSONB, Key-value.

    Support multiple features of SQL

    PostgreSQL supports various features of SQL which include the following:

    • MVCC (Multi-Version Concurrency Control).
    • It supports multiple Indexing such as Multicolumn, Partial, B-tree, and expressions.
    • SQL sub-selects.
    • Complex SQL queries.
    • Streaming Replication
    • It supports transactions, Nested Transactions through Savepoints.
    • Just-in-time compilation of expressions
    • Table partitioning

    PostgreSQL Database Administration

    The PostgreSQL database administration covers the essential PostgreSQL database server administration actions. We have several open sources as well as paid tools available in the market. Let us understand some of the most commonly used database management tools of PostgreSQL:

    psql

    It is a terminal-based front-end command-line tool; where we can directly enter the SQL queries or run them from a file and we can also see the query results. It offers us many Meta commands and several shells, such as automate extensive ranges of tasks and facilitate writing the scripts.

    phpPgAdmin

    It is a web-based management tool for PostgreSQL and built on the phpMyAdmin interface, which was initially written for MySQL administration. The phpPgAdmin is written in PHP programming language. It can be configured easily and provides simple data manipulation. It keeps up the slony master-slave replication machine and is also available in 27 languages. Here, we can import the SQL scripts and Copy the data.

    pgAdmin

    It is one of the most famous and open-source management and development platforms for PostgreSQL. PgAdmin is the most advanced database around the world. It can be used on various operating systems such as UNIX, Linux, Mac OS X, and Windows to achieve PostgreSQL 9.2 and above versions.

    PgFouine

    It is a well-known query log analyzer for PostgreSQL, which is used to generate reports from the log files of PostgreSQL. It is accessible for RHEL (Red Hat Enterprise Linux) and CentOS Linux systems through the EPEL (Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux) repositories. It is a PHP script, and it provides a moderate list of libraries. The pgFouine contains the older UNIX systems and the Windows as well.

    pgDevOps

    It is a suite of web tools that is installed and manages multiple PostgreSQL extensions and versions; it creates SQL queries and community components, monitors running databases, and identifies performance issues. It's a WSGI Python27 Flask application that can be executed on different cross-platform such as Windows, Linux, and OSX. It is an open-source application that can be used by various users on multiple servers.
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